Myxomatosis is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily affects small mammals, particularly rabbits. The virus was first identified in Australia in the late 1800s and has since spread to other parts of the world, including Europe and North America. The disease is caused by a poxvirus and can be transmitted through contact with an infected animal or contaminated objects.
Symptoms of Small Mammal Myxomatosis
The primary symptom of Myxomatosis is swelling around their head and genitals, accompanied by fever and lethargy. Other symptoms can include:
- Eye discharge
- Skin irritation
- Respiratory problems
The disease can also cause rabbits to become blind or paralyzed.
Diagnosing Small Mammal Myxomatosis
Myxomatosis can be difficult to diagnose, because the symptoms are often similar to those of other diseases. Veterinarians typically use a combination of physical examination, laboratory tests, and histopathology (tissue sample examination) to confirm a diagnosis.
Physical examination may reveal swollen eyes or genitals as well as skin irritation. Laboratory tests can include a blood test to detect antibodies against the virus, or a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test to look for genetic material from the virus in samples of saliva, feces, or tissue.
Histopathology is used to examine tissue samples under a microscope and look for changes in the cells caused by Myxomatosis.
Stages of Small Mammal Myxomatosis
Myxomatosis can progress in three stages: acute, subacute, and chronic.
Stage 1
The acute stage is associated with rapid onset of symptoms, including fever and swelling around their head and genitals.
Stage 2
In the subacute stage, symptoms may become more severe as the virus spreads throughout the body.
Stage 3
The chronic stage is associated with long-term complications such as blindness or paralysis. In some cases, the virus can cause death.
Treating Small Mammal Myxomatosis
Unfortunately, there is no known cure for Myxomatosis. Treatment is primarily focused on managing symptoms and providing supportive care. This can include giving your pet fluids to prevent dehydration and administering antibiotics to treat secondary bacterial infections. In some cases, anti-inflammatory medications can be used to reduce swelling and help relieve pain.
It’s important to take steps to prevent the spread of the virus. This includes isolating infected animals, disinfecting all contaminated surfaces, and avoiding contact with wild rabbits. Vaccination is also available in some areas, however, immunity is not guaranteed.
Preventing Small Mammal Myxomatosis
Myxomatosis is a contagious virus that can spread quickly among small mammals, including rabbits. To prevent its spread, it’s important to take steps such as isolating infected animals, disinfecting contaminated surfaces, and avoiding contact with wild rabbits. Vaccination is also available in some areas, although immunity to the virus can’t be guaranteed. It’s important to practice good hygiene and observe strict biosecurity measures to protect your pets from the virus.